EXPLAIN VAN DE - GRAFT GENERATOR IN DETAIL / EXPLAIN PRINCIPLE, CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF VAN DE- GRAFF GENERATOR

VAN DE- GRAFF GENERATOR : IT IS A DEVICE WHICH IS USED TO ACCELERATE THE CHARGED PARTICLES & TO CREATE VERY HIGH POTENTIAL.

PRINCIPLE OF VAN DE- GRAFF GENERATOR

1. IT IS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF CORONA DISCHARGE.
2. WHENEVER A CHARGE IS GIVEN TO THE INNER SURFACE OF THE BODY, IT ALWAYS TRANSFER TO THE OUTER SURFACE.

       --------------CONSTRUCTION------------

THE ESSENTIAL PARTS OF VAN DE GRAFT GENERATOR ARE SHOWN IN FIGURE. 'S' IS A LARGE SPHERICAL CONDUCTING SHELL OF RADIUS EQUAL TO A FEW METERS. THIS IS SUPPORTED AT A SUITABLE HEIGHT OVER A INSULATING PILLARS 'P1' & 'P2'. A LONG NARROW BELT OF INSULATING MATERIAL LIKE SILK, RUBBER ETC IS WOUND AROUND TWO PULLEYS 'P1' AND 'P2' . THE BELT IS KEPT MOVING CONSTANT OVER THE PULLEYS WITH HELP OF A MOTER 'B1' AND'B2' ARE TWO SHARPLY POINTED METAL COMBS FIXED AS SHOWN 'B1' IS CALLED SPRAY COMB & B2 IS CALLED THE COLLECTING COMB. 

THE GENERATOR IS ENCLOSED IN A STELL CHAMBER 'C' FILLED WITH NITROGEN OR METHANE AT HIGH PRESSURE.

               -------------------WORKING--------------

THE SPRAY COMB IS GIVEN A POSTIVE POTENTAIL W.R.T THE EARTH BY HIGH TENSION SOURCE . DUE TO DISCHARGING ACTION OF SHARP POINTS , A POSITIVE CHARGE ELECTRIC WIND IS SET UP WHICH SPRAYS POSITIVE CHARGE ON BELT. AS, THE BELT MOVES & REACHES THE SPHERE, A POSITIVE CHARGE IS INDUCED ON SHARP ENDS OF COLLECTING COMB B2 ON EQUAL POSITIVE CHARGE IS INDUCED ON FURTHER END OF B2. THIS POSITIVE CHARGE SHIFTS IMMEDIATELY TO THE OUTER SURFACE.

VAN DE- GRAFF GENERATOR